What is the purpose of a capability study in verification?

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The core idea is to verify that the measurement system itself is capable of producing results that are accurate and precise enough to distinguish whether a part meets its tolerance. A capability study looks at how the measurement process behaves—its repeatability, any systematic bias, and stability over time—and compares that variability to the tolerance limits. If the measurement variability is small enough relative to the tolerance, you can trust the readings to make correct verification decisions. That’s why this option best captures the purpose: it ensures the measurement system can adequately measure within the specified tolerance. The other possibilities miss this focus: choosing vendors relates to procurement, reducing the number of measurements isn’t what a capability study aims to do, and comparing measurement units isn’t about validating the measurement system’s ability to measure within tolerance.